엔터테인먼트법상 법률의 선택에 관련된 국제저작권법의 일반원칙

Choice of law in International Infringement of Copyright on Entertainment Industry

국제저작권법, 특히 엔터테인먼트산업 관련 저작권 분야에서 법률이 충돌할 경우 사건해결을 위한 일반원칙은 저작물의 저작권에 대해서는 본원국법주의를, 저작권침해에 대해서는 보호국법주의를 선택하는 것이다. 그러나 지나친 원칙의 강조는 엔터테인먼트산업의 구조가 복잡한 만큼 침해의 방법도 다양하며 이와 관련된 세계 각국의 법률 역시 다양할 수밖에 없음을 고려할 때 악의의 침해자들에게 면죄부를 제공하는 법률의 사각지대를 만드는 결과를 낳을 수도 있다. 본 논문에서 검토된 판례는 미국의 엔터테인먼트 법에서 법률의 충돌할 경우 법률의 선택의 원칙을 강조한 판례로서 중요성을 가지나 원칙을 지나치게 강조할 경우 침해의 방지라는 재판의 본질 및 법이 존재하는 근본목적을 훼손할 수 도 있다는 양면성을 보여 주고 있다.

In entertainment industry, the infringement of copyright may be happened in every country in the world. If the law of copyright registration country is different from one of copyright piracy country, the conflict of laws will be happened. This time, the problem of law choice takes place. As the general principles of the choice of law, there are the registration place law principle and the infringement place law principle, national treatment and so on. The general rule of international copyright act is that according to registration country law and national treatment, the copyright in a certain country is protected in every country in the world. and if a infringement of copyright happen, the procedure for litigation should follows trespass place law by infringement place law principle. However, these principles are no more than general rules on choice of law. the Berne convention s or the Universal Copyright Convention s principles should be regard as general rules, not as enforcing rules. The principles for choice of law need not apply to every case equally. In these globalization ages, infringement of copyright may well be treated by the common principles of international copyright acts. But, it s important that each case should be examined by it s own characteristic. Furthermore, we had better consider the purpose of litigation than the principle of the suit. If we focus on only the principles of the international copyright acts, we may miss the purpose of the Action. In case of Russian copyright infringement, we can see the negative side of strictly application of the general rule of international copyright law. The circuit applied the general rules to the case strictly. And so they could show the standard of international copyright Act. However, we can also notice its side effect now. They made the litigation more difficult. They made the litigation break parts and made Russian copyright owner, reporters s taking part in the lawsuit complicated. As a result they forced some copyright holders -reporters of articles to give up taking part in the lawsuit. In this case, we need consider whether observing of the rules is important for protecting of the copyright. But the principles should be existed in order to protect the original purposes of litigation and International Copyright Law should be to prevent copyright piracy everywhere in the world.