대학교원(大學敎員)의 정원책정(定員策定)에 관(關)한 일연구(一硏究)

An Investigation of the Number Limit of a University Teaching Staff -Based on the Operation of Pilot University Plan-

Ⅰ. APPROACH Since the college staff is a limiting factor in the functional performance of a university, management of the teaching staff is the most essential in the university administration. In order to arrive at some primary factors that will help decide the number limit of the university teaching staff, the investigation of the actual operation of two local national universities (that have been running on the experimental university system) was made. Research was done by analyzing the professors’ replies to a questionaire, by surveying the present situation of the legally fixed number of professors, and by studying the relation between the reform policies and the number limit of teaching staff in the experimental universities. The results of this investigation, however, cannot be applied to all other universities because they have been drawn from the aforesaid two universities. Ⅱ. RESULTS The comparison between the regulation of the fixed number of professors by law and the present ‘state is as follows. (1) Due to budgetary considerations, presently only 60%~70% of the legally fixed number of professors are employed. Budgetary restrictions are particularly high in the fields of agriculture, engineering, medicine and natural sciences. (2) Maintenance of professors is as a whole at most 90% of the budget. (3) The number of professors in graduate schools is by far less than the legally fixed number. (4) Many professors are against their heavy teaching load. More than 20% of professors are teaching more hours than are required of them. Their complaints are not only overtime teaching but also large class size, the number of alloted subjects, the kinds of subjects and the level of their students. (5) A little over 20% of legally fixed number of teaching assistants are employed by budget. It leaves much room for improvement. (6) A striking tendency toward the maintenance of professors, has brought forth the increasing employment of full-time professors and the decreasing dependence on part-time professors. There is, however^ an unwanted phenomenon, the rate of -increase of - professors exceeded by that of students. (7) At present, professors’ opinions on the new programs of experimental university system are diverse because the prerequisite to the programs is far from satisfactory. (8) The problem of allocation of the authorized strength of professors is educationally important, but, on the other hand, it is difficult to carry it out technically because of the interplay of the characteristics of each university, the organization of its students, its large class size, its curriculum and methodology, and so on. Ⅲ. SUGGESTIONS (1) The programs of university reform and their understanding by professors are first and foremost important. (2) The gap between the legally fixed number and the budgetarily fixed number may be due to financial difficulty. This fact explains the irrationality of the policy of the legally fixed number limit itself. (3) The teaching staff of a university must be arranged economically and effectively, keeping in view the same major courses offered both in graduate school and in each college. (4) There is much room for improvement on qualification, employment and payment of teaching assistants together with those of clerical positions. (5) Prior to the reduction of the number of credits required for graduation, there needs to be some prerequisite like enrichment of lectures and decrease of required teaching hours. The reduction of required credits must not be followed by the decrease of professors in number. (6) The nationwide intercollegiate exchange of professors is worth consideration from the viewpoint of balanced development of colleges and guaranteed positions as professors. (7) One of the best ways to achieve