혁신교육 동향에 기초한 마을교육공동체 주요 특성 탐색 - 혁신교육 3.0을 중심으로 -

Exploring the key characteristics of the village education community based on the innovation education trends - Focusing on the innovation education 3.0 -

본 연구는 혁신교육 3.0을 중심으로 한 혁신교육 동향에 기초하여 마을교육공동체가 어떠한 주요 특성을 가지고 있는지 탐색하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구문제는 첫째, ‘혁신교육 정책은 어떠한 전개 양상과 특성을 가지며 진화하였는가?’ 둘째, ‘혁신교육 기반 마을교육공동체의 개념과 특성은 무엇이며, 그 특성은 혁신교육 3.0의 맥락에서 어떻게 규정될 수 있는가?’로 설정하였다. 연구결과, 주요 시・도교육청에서는 혁신교육을 혁신학교-혁신교육지구-마을교육공동체로 연계・확장하고 있었고, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 등과 같은 구분을 통해 진화된 변곡점을 제시하고 있었다. 이에 대한 혁신교육 특성으로는 ‘운동성’, ‘지역성’, ‘확장성’, ‘공동체성’을 탐색하였다. 그리고 마을교육공동체는 학생들의 온전한 성장을 위해 온 마을의 협력이 필요하고, 교육주체 간 연계와 참여를 통해 운영되는 교육거버넌스를 구동 모델로 개념을 정리하였다. 마을교육공동체의 특성으로는 ‘학생 중심’, ‘지역 교육력’, ‘단수가 아닌 복수주체’, ‘교육생태계’ 등을 도출하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 토대로 혁신교육 3.0에 기반한 마을교육공동체 주요 특성은 ‘학생 주도성’, ‘지역 행위주체성’, ‘생태전환교육’ 등을 논의하였고, 코로나19 및 기후위기 등 재난의 일상화를 대비하고 불확실한 미래교육을 조응할 수 있는 마을교육공동체 특성을 논의하였다.

This study explores the key characteristics of the village education community based on the innovation education trends focusing on the innovation education 3.0. The research questions are as follow: First, ‘In what development patterns and characteristics of the innovation education policies have evolved? Second, ‘What are the concepts and characteristics of the village education community based on the innovation education, and how can the characteristics be defined within the context of the innovation education 3.0?’ The result suggested that the major metropolitan and provincial offices of education were linking and expanding the innovation education to the innovation school, the innovation education district, and the village education community. Moreover, the offices presented inflection points of evolution classifications such as 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. As the characteristics of the innovation education, ‘movement’, ‘locality’, ‘expansiveness’, and ‘community’ were explored. In addition, the village education community requires cooperation from the entire village for the full growth of the students, and the concept of educational governance is summarized as a driving model, operated by participation and connection between educational subjects. As characteristics of the village education community, ‘student-centered , ‘local educational capacity’, ‘multiple subjects, not singular , and ‘education ecosystem were derived. In light of the research results, the main characteristics of the village education community based on the innovation education 3.0 were ‘student agency’, ‘local agency , and ‘ecology transformation education , and discussed it to prepare for the accepting disaster in daily life such as Covid-19 pandemic and fit with uncertain future education.