어머니의 사회성 지도와 유아의 사회적 유능감의 관계

The Relationship between Mothers Guidance for Sociability and Young Children s Social Competence

본 연구는 어머니의 사회성 지도와 유아의 사회적 유능감의 관계가 어떠한가를 규명하고, 아울러 이 두 변인은 유아의 성별, 외동아.형제아, 그리고 연령에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는가를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 2～6세 유아 495명(남 242명, 여 253명)을 대상으로 어머니에게는 사회성 지도 검사를 실시하고, 유아교사에게는 담당 유아들의 사회적 유능감을 평정하게 하여 자료를 수집하였다. 주요한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니의 사회성 지도는 유아의 성별 및 외동아.형제아에 따라 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 연령의 경우에는 하위 요인(조언/지지, 감독)에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 유아의 사회적 유능감 총점은 성별과 연령에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 외동아와 형제아 간에는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 어머니의 조언/지지는 유아의 또래관계기술, 사회적 규범 이해와 유의한 상관이 있으며, 어머니의 감독은 유아의 또래관계기술, 사회적 규범이해, 사회적 유능감 총점과 유의한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mothers guidance for sociability and young children s social competence. It examined the differences in mothers guidance for sociability and young children s social competence as a function of children s gender and age, and whether young children did or did not have siblings. Subjects consisted of 495 2 to 6-year-old children and their parents sampled from 15 kindergartens in Samcheok and Uljin, Korea. A Mother s Guidance for Sociability Scale and a Young Children s Social Competence Scale were used for this study. The statistical methods employed for data analysis were correlation analysis, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results of the study were as follows: First, the mother s guidance for sociability was not significantly dependent either on her young children s gender or whether her children had siblings. However, advice/support and monitoring in the sub-factor of the mother s guidance for sociability was significantly different across young children s ages. Second, young children s social competence was significantly different as a function of their gender and age, but was not significantly different as a function of being with or without siblings. Finally, there was statistically significant correlation between the advice/support sub-factor of the mother s guidance for sociability and her young children s peer social skills and understanding of social norms. Also, there was significant correlation between mother s monitoring for sociability and young children s peer social skills, understanding of social norms, and the total score of the mother s guidance for sociability. These findings contribute to our understanding of mothers guidance for sociability and its role in the social development and adaptation of young children.