모-아 집단 치료놀이가 취업모 자녀의 상호작용 증진에 미치는 효과

Effect of mother-child group theraplay on interaction improve of working mother's children

본 연구는 자녀 양육 및 자녀와의 상호작용에 어려움을 겪고 있는 취업모와 그들의 자녀 간 상호작용을 증진시키기 위하여 모-아 집단치료놀이를 구성하여 실시한 후 그 효과성을 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상은 5명의 취업모와 그들의 자녀 만 4-5세의 유아로 주 2회씩 45분 간 총12회기의 모-아 치료놀이를 집단으로 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과 모-아 집단치료놀이가 취업모와 그 자녀의 상호작용을 긍정적으로 증가시켰으며, 자녀는 자기인식 및 표현력 그리고 타인인식, 또래와의 상호작용에서 변화가 나타났다. 또한 모-아 상호작용에서 어머니의 구조화하기, 신체접촉 및 서로에 대한 접근성, 행동 및 표정에 대한 반응성이 모두 긍정적으로 변화되었다. 상호작용의 변화요인으로는 어머니와의 관계의 재 경험, 긍정적 환경의 변화, 공감적 상호작용, 모델링과 참여, 새로운 인식으로 기인한 것으로 분석되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 점차 증가추세에 있는 취업모와 자녀를 위한 보육프로그램의 새로운 접근법으로 시사점을 제공할 것이다. 그러나 실질적인 양육의 시간과 기회가 부족한 취업모가 일상에서 치료놀이를 어떠한 방법으로 구현할 수 있을지에 대한 연구가 좀 더 필요하리라 본다.

This study aims to verify the effectiveness of mother-child group therapeutic play with purpose of exploring new therapeutic play approached in order to increase interaction between the child care of working mothers and their children who have problem in interacting. The subjects of this study were 5 working mothers who are working for public service and their 5 children at 4 and 5 years old attending the day care centers. All of them participated in group therapeutic play voluntarily. The mother-child group therapeutic play was constructed based on need assessment through interview with working mothers and verification on the face validity for therapeutic play experts and it was performed for 12 sessions in total, 2 session per week. According to results from quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis of this study, implementation of mother-child group therapeutic play increased the interaction between working mothers and their children in positive way. Also in the mother-child interaction, children showed confidence in self-expression, more natural in expressing positive and negative emotions, recognition on the emotions of others, and adjusting their behaviors to the feelings of others. Also in the mother-child interaction, all of such as the tendency of instruction giving by mothers and the acceptance level from children, variation in approachability toward each other as well as bodily contract, and reaction to the action and facial expression of counterpart (between mothers and children) was changed into positiveness. In case of children, such variation factors for interaction were appeared as result of re-experiencing the relationship with mother, mother's change (environmental change), and sympathetic interaction. For mothers, the were appeared as result of modeling and participation, insights on self, change in children. These results may have their significances in terms that they provided a framework that can activate the mother-child therapeutic play far more for many working mothers and their children.