집단놀이치료 프로그램 효과에 대한 메타분석

본 연구는 국내에서 아동을 대상으로 실시된 집단놀이치료 프로그램들의 효과를 검증하기 위해 메타분석을 한 것이다. 집단놀이치료 프로그램 선행연구들의 결과를 통합하고 치료 효과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 각 변인의 효과크기를 비교 및 분석했다. 연구 문제는 첫째, 중재대상에 따른 효과크기, 둘째, 진행절차별 효과크기이다. 연구 대상 프로그램은 1990년에서 2008년 10월 30일 사이에 국내에서 발표된 집단놀이치료 프로그램 관련의 석․박사학위논문 중에서 학령기까지의 아동을 대상으로 하고, 놀이를 치료적으로 활용했으며, 집단놀이 프로그램이 아동의 문제해결을 목적으로 한 논문을 선정하고, 메타분석의 분석조건을 충족시키기 위해 실험 연구이며, 양적 연구이고, 피험자 간 설계 등의 조건을 충족시킨 98편의 논문이다. 중재대상에 따른 효과크기에서 구성원의 연령은 12세 이상의 아동(.65), 구성원 연령 차이는 1세 미만(.62), 구성원 유형은 발달문제 아동(.75)에게 적용했을 때 효과크기가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 진행절차별 효과크기에서 구성원 수는 7~10명(.63), 총 진행 회기 수는 9~15회기(.59), 주당 회기 수는 주 2회(.57), 1회기 진행 시간은 31~60분(.59)으로 진행했을 때 효과크기가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다.

This Study was for comparatively analyzing of effect size of each factors which could impact on result of therapy and for aggregating effect of group play therapy on korean child. Especially, This study was focused on total effect size of group play therapy program, effect size of each intermediate subject, effect size in each program step, effect size in each process, and effect size of process context. For this empirical study, the published 912 these of master and doctor related to group play therapy program between 1990 and 2008 were searched. Finally, empirical study objects are 255 theses of the Searched 912 theses, because those are object for child less than schooling period, using play therapy, and have purpose on therapy of group play program. The aggregated 255 these were reviewed in the aspects of methodology, results, and appendix for eliminating cases unrelated to meta-analysis in view of experimental structure and quality study sufficient to meta-analysis qualification. Finally, meta-analysis structure was built for analyzing 98 these dealing with between-subject design. The result of meta-analysis is that 112 effect case among 98 these was included and total effect size is .56 which is over middle level in terms of Cohen criteria. In terms of intermediate subject, subject age factor influences effect size, for example, effect size of child older 12 age is .65 and effect size of child younger than 1 age is .62. Also subject type factor is significant, for example, effect size of developed problem child is .75 which is the highest level among other subject types. In terms of play therapy program step, number factor of subject member is significant and 7~10 membering is 0.63 which is the highest effect level among other number of subject member. Also total session number factor is influential. Among other session number, 9~15 session number is highest(.59). The session number during week is also significant on effect size. for example, 2 sessions during week is most effective(.57). Finally time of session is also influential, for example 31~60 minutes is highest effectivity. This article would be significant in the aspect of systematically aggregating and analyzing the 20 year's studies on the results of group play therapy program, especially using meta-analysis.