정신지체아동의 평면표현활동 수행에 대한 사회연령별 분석

The study on basic drawing performance level based on developmental stage of mentally retarded children through plane expression

본 연구의 목적은 정신지체아동의 미술지도를 위한 방안을 제시하기 위하여 정신지체아동의 그리기와 채색하기 등과 같은 기초기능의 수행수준을 사회연령별로 제시하고자 하였다. 102명의 정신지체아동을 대상으로 평면표현활동에서 나타난 그리기와 채색하기의 특성을 유목별로 채점하여 백분율과 그래프로 결과를 제시하였다. 정신지체아동의 평면표현활동은 사회연령의 증가에 따라 기능이 향상되었으나, 사회연령 6세를 기준으로 그리기와 채색 수행의 향상이 달리 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정신지체아동의 미술교과 지도를 위한 연령 발달단계별 프로그램의 중요성을 시사하였다.

The purpose of this study was to illustrate the performance levels of Art activity which were conducted by mentally retarded children with different age groups. The research was proceeded by the points on their basic functional levels of the drawing and coloring through plane expression activity, and by comparison on the abovementioned activities of the each groups. One hundred and two mental retarded children in middle school level in school for mental retarded were participated for this study. The Art activities were divided into basic functions of drawing and coloring based on the curriculum of the school for mental retarded. Every performance levels of these activities were scored with 5-Likert scale. The results of this study were that : (a) the basic function of drawing shows successfully drawing lines and figures; (b) the basic function of coloring are able to color with crayon pastel as leaning or standing; and (c) the children aged 1 to 2 years showed the similar performance level in drawing and coloring, but in the age of 6 the performance level of drawing was shown to increase than those of coloring, and as the social age gets lowered the performance level of coloring was shown to be higher than drawing. Therefore this study concluded that (a) the children with mental retardation increase the skills of drawing and painting in Art performance; and (b) the Art curriculum of the school for mental retarded is considered based on their performance levels in drawing and coloring.