한국어 교육 자료에 나타난 ‘­도록’의 통시적 연구 - 의미 변화 양상을 중심으로 -

A Diachronic Study on the ‘-dorok’ in Korean Textbooks - Focusing on the change in meaning -

본고는 한국어 교육 자료에 나타난 ‘-도록’의 의미 변화 양상을 통시적 관점에서 살펴보았다. 16~19세기의 한국어 교육 자료에는 ‘-도록’에 [도급], [정도], [익심] 의미가 나타났다. 20세기 초까지 보이던 ‘-도록’의 [익심]은 현대에 이르기까지 보이지 않았으며 ‘-도록’은 [정도], [도급]과 함께 [목적] 의미를 띠는 예문이 나타났다. ‘-도록’ 의미 제시 순서에도 변화가 있었다. 20세기 초까지는 주로 [도급] 또는 [정도]가 제일 처음에 제시되어 있었으나 20세기 말부터는 [목적]이 제일 먼저 제시되었다. 그리고 20세기 초에 새롭게 등장한 ‘-도록 하다’를 현대 한국어 교육 자료에서 비중있게 다루고 있었으며 21세기에는 종결어미로 사용되는 ‘-도록’이 처음 나타났다.

This paper is intended to examine the change of the meaning ‘-dorok’ in Korean textbooks based on the diachronic perspective. The connective ‘-dorok’ in Korean textbooks was mainly used in the meaning of [till], [degree] and [deepening] in the 16th~19th. The meaning of [deepening] was seen until the early 20th century but it has not been found any more in Korean textbooks. At the same time, the meaning of [purpose] appeared anew. And the order change is noticeable when textbooks represent ‘-dorok’. [Till] or [degree] were often presented first until the early 20th century, but [purpose] which first appeared in the early 20th century has been presented first since the end of the 20th century. In addition, the expression of ‘-dorok hada’, which first appeared in the early 20th century, is now covered in most textbooks. It is used to express a soft command, recommendation, or subject's intention by combining it with the imperative termination '-seyo' or the prefinal ending '-ket-'. In the 21st century, ‘-dorok’ used as a termination ending emerged for the first time in Korean textbooks. This expression is used in situations where a person orders or directs conclusively at the end of utterance. As a result of examining ‘-dorok’ in Korean textbooks from the 16th century to the modern era, there were changes not only in meaning but also in the meaning presentation order and composition of ‘-dorok’.