시설거주 발달장애인 공공후견인의 후견활동경험에 관한 연구

A Study on the experience of public guardians in the residential welfare facilities of the developmental disabilities

이 연구의 목적은 시설거주 발달장애인 공공후견인의 후견경험을 심층적으로 탐색하고 피후견인에게 후견제도의 가치와 이념이 어떤 방식으로 구현되는지 파악하는 것이다. 시설장애인의 공공후견인 8명을 심층 면접한 결과, 2개의 범주와 5개 하위범주, 15개 개념이 도출되었다. 첫 번째 범주인‘시설이라는 공간 내에서 피후견인의 권리 찾아주기’는 ‘후견업무에 얹힌 정서적, 물리적 지원 역할’, ‘획일화된 환경에서 피후견인 개별적인 삶 찾아주기’, ‘피후견인의 보호와 권리 속에서 균형 잡기’라는 3가지 하위범주로 구성되었다. 두 번째 범주인 ‘공공후견인 법적 권한을 드러내기 위한 관계와 역할 다지기’는 ‘후견인과 시설종사자의 건강한 힘겨루기’, ‘갈등과 타협 속에서 자기 자리 찾아가기’라는 2가지 하위범주로 구성되었다. 이 같은 결과에 입각하여 시설거주 발달장애인의 권리보장을 위한 후견활동과 사회복지제도의 개선방안에 관해 제언하였다.

This study has two purposes: One is to explore the experiences of public guardians in conducting their roles for the developmental disabilities in residential welfare facilities. The other is to define how the professional values and philosophies of the guardianship are translated and realized to its service beneficiaries. Adopting a qualitative research method, it took depth interviews of 8 guardians and finally extracted 2 categories, 5 sub-categories and 15 definitions. The first category is named of‘ helping the wards of guardians realize their rights in the arena of a residential facility’, which consists of three following sub-categories such as ‘the additional role of an emotional and material supporter on the top of the original one as a guardian’, ‘the role of helping the wards realize their individual life in the standardized and patterned surroundings of the facilities’, and ‘staying balanced between the roles of a wards’ protector and an advocator of their rights’. The other category is named of ‘consolidating the guardians’ legal power by defining their identical roles and establishing a sound relationship with other personnel’, which consists of two following sub-categories such as ‘constructive power competition between the guardians and other personnel’in the facilities and ‘settling in each side of them acknowledging other’s position and roles via the processes of conflicts and compromises’. Based on the findings, the study suggests how the activities of the guardians could assure the rights of the developmental disabilities and to what direction the disability welfare system of Korea should be directed.