조건추리의 과제내용과 수행수준

The robustness of thematic meterials effects in Wason's selection task

This article reports an experiment which examined three accounts for the thematic materials effects in Wason's selection task. Memory -cueing hypothesis (Griggs & Cox, 1982) which claims that the effects reflect the accessibil ity to similar past experiences was examined by using their Drinking Age Problem. Cheng and Holyoak' s (1985) claim that pragmatic reasoning schema, an abstract knowledge structure gereralized on the basis of various past experiences, contributes to the effects was examined by replicating their Experiment 2. Ward, Byrnes, & Overton' s (1990) claim that the consistency between the organization of kn야ledge and the relationship between the antecedent and consequent of the conditional law is responsible for the facilitative effects was examined by casting-1 "if an animal is a dog, then it is a mammal" to the Wason task. The results obtained from Korean college students replicated Griggs and Cox' s results (correct response rate was about 53%) , and partially replicated Cheng and Holyoak's (correct response rate was about 23%). However, the correct response rate of the "dog-mammal" problem was about 12%, which was not significantly higher than about 5% correct response rate of the standard Wason task. The implications of the results were discussed with repect to subject' s . logical competence and competence/performance distinction.