장애인 빈곤 감소 및 고용률에 대한 장애인 정책 조합

A configuration of disability policy of poverty reduction and employment rates for persons with disabilities

이 연구는 OECD 18개 국가를 대상으로 어떠한 장애인 정책이 장애인 빈곤 감소 및 고용률의 원인조건이 될 수 있는지를 분석하였다. 차별법제, 소득보장정책, 고용정책이 결합하여 장애인 빈곤 감소 및 고용률에 원인조건이 될 수 있는지 탐색하기 위하여 퍼지셋 질적비교 분석(f/s QCA)을 사용하였다. 이 연구의 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 장애인 정책조합이 장애인 빈곤 감소의 원인조건이 될 수 있는지를 분석한 결과, 필요조건과 충분조건 모두에서 고용정책은 장애인 빈곤을 설명하는 핵심적인 조건이었다. 또한 소득보장정책과 고용정책이 결합하여 빈곤 감소에 긍정적인 성과를 보였다. 둘째, 장애인 정책조합이 장애인 고용률의 원인조건이 될 수 있는지를 분석한 결과, 고용정책은 장애인 고용 성과를 설명하는 핵심적인 조건이었다. 장애인 정책이 소극적일지라도 강력한 고용정책과 결합하여 높은 장애인 고용률에 긍정적인 성과를 보였다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 우리나라의 장애인 정책에 대한 실증적인 함의를 제시하였다.

This study analyzed which disability policies can be the cause of poverty reduction and employment rates for persons with disabilities in 18 OECD countries. For this purpose, fuzzy set qualitative comparison analysis (f/s QCA) was used. The findings of this study are as follows. First, The results from analyzing which configuration of disability policy can be the causal condition for poverty reduction among the disabled are as follows: First, as a result of verifying the necessary conditions that explain the poverty rate of the disabled, it was confirmed that the poverty rate of the disabled is explained when the income security policy is weak and the employment policy is weak. As a result of verifying the necessary conditions for low poverty rate of the disabled, it was found that the poverty rate of the disabled is low when the employment policy is strong. Second, as a result of verifying the sufficient conditions that explain the poverty rate of the disabled, the configuration of weak income security policy and employment policy was confirmed to be such a condition. Third, as a result of verifying the sufficient conditions for low poverty rate of the disabled, two configurations were confirmed: i) strong employment policy and ii) weak discrimination legislation combined with strong income security policy. Next, the analysis to determine the configuration of disability policy that could be the causal conditions of the employment rate of the disabled yielded the following results. First, as a result of verifying the necessary conditions that explain the employment rate of the disabled, it was found that none of the conditions pass the standard. Second, as a result of verifying the sufficient conditions that explain high employment rate of the disabled, two configurations were found to explain high employment rate of the disabled: i) weak income security policy combined with strong employment policy, and ii) weak discrimination legislation combined with strong employment policy. Third, as a result of verifying the sufficient conditions that explain low employment rate of the disabled, the configuration of weak discrimination legislation, income security policy and employment policy was found to be such a condition. Based on these research results, empirical implications for Korea's disability policy were presented.