중⋅고등학생용 가정교과 세 행동체계 척도 개발 및 타당화 연구

A Study on the Development and Validation of Three Systems of Action Scale in Home Economics for Middle and High School Students

본 연구는 가정교과에서 중⋅고등학생을 위한 세 행동체계의 실태를 파악할 수 있는 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해서 세 행동체계와 관련된 국내외 문헌을 고찰하여 예비문항으로 기술적 행동, 의사소통적 행동, 해방적 행동을 측정할 수 있도록 각 행동체계별로 35개 문항, 총 105개 문항을 5점 리커트 척도로 개발하였다. 개발된 예비문항을 가정교육학 전문가에게 내용타당도를 검토받아 수정⋅보완하는 절차를 두 차례 실행하였다. 개발된 예비문항 70개를 중⋅고등학생을 대상으로 예비조사를 실시하여 166부를 회수하였다. 척도의 타당성을 검정하기 위해 회수된 설문지를 탐색적 요인 분석한 결과 7요인 38개 문항이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 탐색적 요인분석 결과를 바탕으로 본 조사 문항을 구성한 후 중⋅고등학생을 대상으로 본조사를 실시하여 548부를 회수하여 확인적 요인분석을 하였다. 확인적 요인분석을 통해 기초생활능력 5문항, 자기관리능력 4문항, 정보처리능력 4문항, 의사소통⋅대인관계능력 12문항, 비판적사고력 3문항, 의사결정능력 7문항, 임파워먼트 3문항 총 38문항이 최종 선정되었다. 이 모형의 적합도는 x2=1846.741(p<.001), CFI=0.865, TLI=0.853, RMSEA=0.058로 나타났고, 각 문항별 표준화 계수는 0.5 이상으로 나타났으므로 가정교과에서 중⋅고등학생의 세 행동체계의 실태를 측정하는데 적합한 측정 도구로 볼 수 있다. 세 행동체계 척도는 자아정체감 척도의 하위요인인 자기수용성, 미래계획성, 친밀성, 독특성과 사회참여 척도와 유의한 상관을 갖는 것으로 나타나 공인타당도를 갖는 것으로 확인되었다.

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale that can grasp the reality of the three systems of action for middle and high school students in home economics. For this purpose, a total of 105 questions, 35 questions for each systems of action, were developed as a 5-point Likert scale in order to measure technical action, communicative action, and emancipative action as preliminary questions by reviewing domestic and international literature related to the three systems of action. The procedure for revising and supplementing the developed preliminary questions by reviewing the content validity of the home economics education expert was executed twice. A preliminary survey was conducted on middle and high school students with 70 developed preliminary questions, and 166 copies were collected. As a result of exploratory factor analysis of the collected questionnaires to test the validity of the scale, it was found that 38 questions 7 factors were appropriate. After constructing this survey based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, this survey was conducted on middle and high school students, and 548 copies were collected and a confirmatory factor analysis was performed. A total of 38 questions were finally selected through confirmatory factor analysis, including basic living ability 5 questions, self-management ability 4 questions, information processing ability 4 questions, communication/interpersonal ability 12 questions, critical thinking ability 3 questions, decision-making ability 7 questions, empowerment 3 questions. The Model Fit was x2=1846.741(p<.001), CFI=0.865, TLI=0.853, RMSEA= 0.058, and the Standardized Regression Weights for each question was more than 0.5, so it can be seen as a suitable measurement instrument for measuring the status of the three systems of action of middle and high school students in home economics. The three systems of action scales were found to have significant correlations with self-acceptance, future planning, intimacy, uniqueness, which are sub-factors of the self-identity scale, and social participation scales therefore confirmed that they have recognized concurrent validity.