기업의 신입 및 경력직 조기퇴사율에 대한 영향요인 분석: SUR 모형을 활용하여

SUR Model Analysis of Early Turnover Rate of Korean Corporate Workers: Focusing on Newcomer and Experienced Workers

이 연구는 국내 기업의 신입 및 경력직 조기퇴사율의 현황을 산업에 따라 확인하고, 조기퇴사율의 영향요인을 밝히는데 목적이 있었다. 이를 위해 인적자본기업패널(HCCP)을 활용하여 SUR모형 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 국내 기업의 2020년 신입직 조기퇴사율은 28.87%였으며 경력직 조기퇴사율은 23.76%로 조기퇴사율이 전반적으로 높은 수준이었다. 둘째, 국내 기업의 산업별 조기퇴사율 분석 결과, 신입직 조기퇴사율은 금융업(32.88%)에서 가장 높았고 경력직 조기퇴사율은 제조업(24.22%)에서 가장 높았다. 셋째, 국내 기업 신입직 및 경력직 조기퇴사율 영향요인 분석결과 초기임금은 신입직 및 경력직 조기퇴사율 감소에 모두 영향을 미치는 중요한 변수로 나타났으며 이 밖에 기대임금, 복리후생비, 합리지향문화는 신입직 조기퇴사율 감소에 영향을 주었고 위계지향문화는 신입직 조기퇴사율을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과에 따라 후속연구를 위한 학술적 제언과 기업 현장에 필요한 제언을 도출하였다.

The purpose of this study was to examines the early resignation status of newcomer workers and experienced workers in Korea companies, and to analyze both workers for factors influencing the early resignation rate. SUR model analysis was conducted using the Human Capital Corporate Panel (HCCP). The results are as follows. First, the early resignation rate of Korea companies in 2020 was generally high, and newcoemr workers was 28.87%, experienced employees was 23.76%. Second, as a result of analyzing the early resignation rate of Korea companies by industry and company size, the early resignation rate of newcomer workers was the highest in the financial industry and the early resignation rate of experienced workers was the highest in the manufacturing industry. Also, early separation of new workers occurred similarly regardless of company size, but the early resignation rate of experienced workers showed a tendency to decrease as the size of the company increased. Third, as a result of analyzing the factors influencing the early resignation rate of both workers in Korea companies, the initial wage was an important variable that affects both the early resignation rate. In addition, the expected wage, welfare expenses, and market oriented culture affected the decrease in the early separation of newcomer workers, but the hierarchy culture increased the early separation of newcomer workers. According to the research results, academic suggestions for follow-up studies and necessary suggestions for the corporate field were derived.