Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review predictive factors associated with weight loss in moderate to severe obesity treatment. The direction of the treatment for moderate to severe obesity will be suggested in consideration of various factors. Methods: Authors searched the articles published from 2018 to 2023 in three international databases (PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and two domestic databases (Research Information Sharing Service, Korean studies Information Service System). Studies including treatment with moderate to severe obese patients were selected. Results: A total of 43 studies were included. The main factors of weight loss were unchangeable predictors such as low initial degree of obesity, younger age, non-diabetes and high resting energy expenditure with changeable predictors such as increase in protein, physical activity, self-efficacy, initial weight loss and attendance of the treatment. Conclusions: Our review results suggest that based on the characteristics of moderate to severe obese patients, predictors of weight loss can be used to determine treatment and prognosis in various aspects.
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