초등교사의 교권 침해 예방을 위한 직무 수행 전략에 관한 연구

Research on Job Performance Strategies for Preventing Infringement of Teaching Rights of Elementary School Teachers

본 논문은 현재 한국 사회의 중요한 이슈인 교권 침해에 대한 대응을 위해 교사들이 취해야 할 직무 수행 전략과 태도를 조사하고자 실시되었다. 연구를 위해, 우선 2019년부터 2022년까지 초등학교에서 발생한 884건의 교권 침해 사례를 분석하였고, 교사의 직무수행 및 태도를 '①교사의 교직관, ②학생을 대하는 인간관, ③학급규칙 설정, ④관심 학부모 관리, ⑤교사의 공정성, ⑥학부모 상담, ⑦교사의 자기관리'라는 7가지 영역으로 분류하였다. 두 번째로, 현장 경력이 10년 이상이면서도 교권 침해를 경험하지 않은 15명의 교사를 대상으로 앞서 분류한 7개 영역에 대한 심층 면접을 실시하여 교권 침해 예방을 위한 직무 수행 전략을 찾고자 하였다. 결과적으로, 교권 침해 예방을 위한 필수 직무수행 및 태도는 ‘①교사의 전문성 신장을 통한 전문적 권위 확보, ②교사의 학생에 대한 긍정적 인간관, ③학급 규칙의 적용, ④관심 학부모와의 전략적 인간관계 유지, ⑤공정한 학생 지도 및 관리, ⑥예방적 학부모 상담, ⑦교사의 철저한 자기관리" 등 7가지로 정리할 수 있었다.

This study aims to elucidate strategies conducive to safeguarding teachers' rights, thereby mitigating the risk of the Infringement of Teaching Rights. The investigation employed a qualitative approach, relying on in-depth interviews with educators who havd amassed a decade or more of experience in the teaching profession, and who had never experienced the Infringement of Teaching Rights. To establish the foundational framework for this study, an exhaustive analysis of 884 instances of teaching rights violations in elementary schools from 2019 to 2022 was conducted. Subsequently, the facets of teachers' job performance and attitudes were divided into seven distinct categories; (1) Teachers' Teaching Officer, (2) Humanistic View of Students, (3) Classroom Rule Setting, (4) Interest Parent Management, (5) Teacher Fairness, (6) Parent Consultation, (7) Teacher Self-discipline. In the latter part of the investigation, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 educators across the identified categories who had never experienced the Infringement of Teaching Rights. The objective was to gain insights into the strategies underpinning their job performance, aimed at forestalling encroachment on their teaching rights. The findings of this study converge on a set of discernible job performance and attitudinal attributes that are crucial for preventing teaching rights infringements. These can be encapsulated as follows; (1) Establishment of professional authority through the augmentation of teachers' expertise, (2) Cultivation of a positive perspective toward students, (3) Adherence to prescribed classroom rules, (4) Strategic cultivation of relationships with concerned parents, (5) Equitable guidance and management of students, (6) Proactive engagement in parental counseling, (7) Exemplification of meticulousness by educators, and (8) Proficiency in delivering guidance to students in conjunction with thorough self-discipline.