부모의 스마트폰 의존성이 청소년 자녀의 그릿에 미치는 종단적 영향: 아동의 스마트폰 의존성과 주의집중의 순차적 매개효과

A Longitudinal Study on Effect of Parents’ Smartphone Dependence on Adolescents’ Grit: The Sequential Mediating Effect of Children’s Smartphone Dependence and Attention during Middle Childhood

This study explored the longitudinal impact of parents’ smartphone dependence on their children’s grit during adolescence and the sequential mediation effect of children’s smartphone dependence and attention problems during middle childhood. Data from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCPYS) were utilized, spanning 2018 to 2022, covering children from 4th , 5 th, 6 th and 8th grade. A total of 2,570 students (1,296 male, 1,274 female) and their parents (fathers and mothers) participated in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and the Process Macro (Model 6). The results revealed the following. First, parents’ smartphone dependence in 4th grade directly affected their children’s grit in 8th grade. Second, parents’ smartphone dependence during their children’s 4th grade had a negative impact on the children’s grit in 8th grade, with this relationship mediated by the children’s smartphone dependence in 5th grade. Third, the child’s attention level in 6 th grade did not directly mediate the relationship between parents’ smartphone dependence and the child’s grit. However, parents’ smartphone dependence in 4th grade indirectly affected their children’s grit in 8th grade, with this relationship sequentially mediated by children’s smartphone dependence in 5th grade and attention problems in 6th grade. These findings provide valuable insights for educational and parental programs aimed at fostering grit in adolescents by addressing the impact of smartphone usage and promoting better attention management.