또래협동 신체활동이 유아의 또래유능성 및 자기조절력에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Peer Cooperative Physical Activity on Peer Competence and Self-Control Ability of Young Children

본 연구의 목적은 유아들의 또래협동 신체활동이 또래유능성과 자기조절력에 미치는 효과를 알아봄으로써 또래협동 신체활동의 중요성을 확인하고, 또래협동 신체활동을 활성화하는 것이다. 부산 소재 어린이집의 만 4세 유아 36명을 연구대상으로 하여 실시하였으며 자료의 처리는 t-검증과 공분산분석(ANCOVA)으로 실시하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 또래협동 신체활동이 유아의 또래유능성에서 주도성을 제외한 사교성과 친사회성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 또래협동 신체활동이 유아의 자기조절력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was examining young children’s interactions with peers in a variety of situations through cooperative physical activities. These activities emphasized the factor of cooperation among physical activities which are conducted in the early childhood education field. These activities improved the competence of peer relations and self-control ability. The research questions through this study were: What was the effect of the peer cooperative physical activities on peer competence in young children? What was the effect of the peer cooperative physical activities on the self-control abilities of young children? The subjects of this study were 36 four year olds from a preschool in Busan, Korea. This study was conducted from September 5th through December 23rd for 16 weeks. Activities included teacher training, preliminary study, preliminary test, experimental treatment, and post-test. The experimental group participated in peer cooperative activities and the control group participated in individual physical activities for twice per week for 13 weeks, for a total of 20 sessions. In this study the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group and comparison group in the pre-test were conducted by independent sample t-test. In the post-test, to improve the accuracy of the experiment, the covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was carried out by using pre-test scores in both groups as covariate and post-test scores as dependent variables. Statistical analysis of collected data was analyzed by using PASW 18.0. Results of this study are as follows. First, peer cooperation and physical activities positively affected the peer competence and sociability which was a sub-element of peer competence for young children. It seemed to provide opportunity to build peer relations to have an experience of good relations between young children for common goals by moving bodies. Second, peer cooperation and physical activities seemed to positively influence young children’s development of self-control ability and self-regulation, temptation, and attention, which are subelements of all areas. When problems occurred while young children were doing activities with peers, they had opportunity to experience the process to accept the result without anger or excitement. They also had a chance to experience the process of cooperation and rules in a cooperative attitude. It also affected development of self-control ability.