유치원 교사의 정서노동과 이직의도 관계에서 자기조절력의 매개효과

The Mediating Effect of Self-regulation on Relationships between Preschool Teachers' Emotional Labor and Turnover Intention

본 연구는 유치원 교사의 정서노동과 이직의도 관계에서 자기조절력의 매개효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 부산광역시, 울산광역시 유치원 교사 266명에게 정서노동, 이직의도, 자기조절력에 관한 설문조사를 실시하고, 기술통계, 상관분석, 매개회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 유치원 교사의 정서노동과 자기조절력은 보통 수준 이상, 이직의도는 보통 이하의 경향성을 나타내었다. 변인간 관련성은 유치원 교사의 전서노동과 이직의도는 부적상관을, 자기조절력과 이직의도는 부적상관을 나타내었고, 정서노동과 자기조절력은 정적상관을 나타내었다. 유치원 교사의 정서노동과 이직의도 관계에서 자기조절력은 완전매개효과를 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 유치원 교사의 이직률을 낮추기 위한 방안을 마련하고 정서노동이 잦은 유치원 교사의 자기조절력을 높이도록 지원하는데 기초자료를 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating effect of self-regulation on relationships between preschool teachers’ emotional labor and turnover intention. To this end, this study raised the following research questions. First, what are the tendencies in emotional labor, turnover intention and self-regulation that preschool teachers show? Second, what are the relationships between preschool teachers’ emotional labor, turnover intention and self-regulation? Third, what is the mediating effect of self-regulation on the relationships between preschool teachers’ emotional labor and turnover intention? Thus, this study gave a questionnaire survey to 266 teachers serving at preschools located in Busan and Ulsan to determine their emotional labor, turnover intention and self-regulation. Data collected from the survey were processed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and mediated regression analysis. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows. Above all, preschool teachers are higher than average in tendency towards emotional labor or self-regulation, but lower than average in tendency towards turnover intention. Next, as far as relationships between the variables are concerned, negative correlations exist between preschool teachers’ emotional labor and turnover intention and between their self-regulation and turnover intention, while positive correlations exist between the teachers’ emotional labor and self-regulation. In addition, self-regulation has a full effect of mediating relationships between preschool teachers’ emotional labor and turnover intention. All of these findings are significant in that they provide basic information that may be useful to set up a way of reducing preschool teachers’ turnover rate and to improve the self-regulation of those teachers who often face emotional labor.