용매 농도와 추출 방법이 개똥쑥 잎의 생리활성 화합물 추출 효율 및 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향

Effect of solvent concentration and extraction methods on extraction efficiency of bioactive compound and antioxidant activities in Artemisia annua leaves

This study explored various extraction methods for Artemisia annua leaves, including reflux extraction using 60% and 70% ethanol, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using 60% ethanol. Next, the total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activities (using DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays), and individual phenolic and flavonoid compositions (using HPLC analysis) were evaluated for each extract. Notably, the extraction method and ethanol concentration significantly affected the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacities. The extract prepared by UAE using 60% ethanol (60E-U) had the highest TPC and TFC, while the reflux extract prepared using 70% ethanol (70E-R) had a lower TFC. The highest antioxidant activities estimated by TEAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays were observed in the 60E-U extract, which were associated with higher levels of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and hesperidin as determined by HPLC analysis. However, the results of the DPPH assay showed no significant differences. This study highlights the importance of extraction methods and ethanol concentration in determining the bioactive profile and antioxidant potential of A. annua leaves. Specifically, 60E-U was the most efficient method for extracting polyphenols and flavonoids, thereby enhancing antioxidant activity. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing A. annua extraction for functional foods, natural antioxidants, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.