韩汉语“아직”与“还”的语义对比分析

A Contrastive Analysis of the Semantics of Korean and Chinese 'Ajik' and 'Hái'

韩国语“아직”与汉语“还”皆为带有时间持续义，且具有反预期性质的表达，且这种由时间或持续义发展出反预期语义的特点并非是个别语言所独有，而具有跨语言的共性。本文主要从两者的相功能、焦点词功能、情态词功能、反预期功能四个主要功能进行考察，初步可得到如下小结：在相功能层面，两者皆具有较明显的时间属性，但在坐标轴中突显的侧重点有所不同；在焦点算子功能方面，两者存在句子限制、尺度添加语义的不同；在情感功能方面，汉语“还”的情感表现相对更丰富；在反预期功能发面，两者皆以延续性反预期语义为基础，在不同语境环境中进行扩张。

Korean ‘ajik’ and Chinese ‘hái’ are both expressions with time-persistent meaning and counter-expecation properties, and this kind of counter-expectation meaning developed from time or continuous meaning is not unique to individual languages, but has cross-language commonality. This paper mainly studies the four main functions of these expressions: aspect function, focus word function, modality function and counter-expectation function, and preliminarily draws the following conclusions: in terms of aspect function, both of them have obvious time attributes, but the emphasis highlighted in the coordinate axis is different. In terms of focus operator function, there are differences in the semantics of sentence restriction and scale addition. In terms of modality function, the expression of Chinese ‘hái’ is relatively richer; In terms of counter-expectation function, both of them are based on continuous counter-expectation semantics and expand in different contexts.