결혼이주민에 대한 사회적지지가 한국어능력에 미치는 영향

A Study on the Effects of Social Support for Married Migrant on Korean Language Proficiency

본 연구는 결혼이주민들에 대한 사회적지지가 한국어능력과의 영향 관계를 검증하여 결혼이주민들의 한국어능력 향상 및 한국 생활 적응, 심리적 안념감을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 K지역에 거주하는 결혼이주민 20세 이상 100명을 대상으로 구조화된 질문지로 사회적지지와 한국어능력을 설문조사 하였다. 선행연구를 기반으로 연구모형을 설정한 후 구조방정식으로 유의확률 및 매개효과를 검증하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 조사대상자는 30대 결혼여성이 가장 많았고 한국어 능력은 3.11점(5점 기준)으로 인지하였다. 한국어의 어려움 정도는 쓰기, 말하기, 읽기, 듣기 순이었다. 둘째, 사회적지지는 평균 3.35점이고 하위요인인 정보적지지는 3.41점, 평가적지지는 3.35점, 물질적지지는 3.38점, 정서적지지는 3.27점로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적지지와 한국어관계를 AMOS 24.0을 통해 검증한 결과, 사회적지지는 한국어능력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(t=3.830, p＜05). 이와 같은 결과를 기반으로 결혼이주민에게 다양한 집단의 지지는 한국어능력을 인정받는 경험을 제공함으로써 한국어에 대한 두려움을 극복하고 성장환경을 조성하기 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 본다.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between social support for married migrants and their Korean language proficiency to improve their Korean language proficiency, adaptation to Korean life, and psychological well-being. To this end, 100 married immigrants aged 20 years and older living in Area K were surveyed about their social support and Korean language proficiency using a structured questionnaire. After establishing a research model based on previous studies, we tested the significance and mediating effects with structural equations. To summarize the results of the study, first, the majority of the participants were married women in their 30s, and their perceived Korean language proficiency was 3.11 (on a 5-point scale). The order of difficulty was writing, speaking, reading, and listening. Second, the average score of social support was 3.35, and the sub-factors of informational support was 3.41, evaluative support was 3.35, material support was 3.38, and emotional support was 3.27. Third, the relationship between social support and Korean language was tested using AMOS 24.0, and it was found that social support had an impact on Korean language proficiency (t=3.830, p<05). Based on these results, we believe that support from various groups can provide marriage migrants with the experience of being recognized for their Korean language skills, which can help them overcome their fear of Korean and create an environment for growth.