National Policy, Service Delivery, Programs, and Data for Suicide Prevention in Korea

Objective Following the 1997 IMF economic crisis, Korea experienced a rapid increase in the suicide rate and has maintained the highest rate among OECD countries. This narrative review examines the development of suicide prevention policies, service delivery systems, and laws aimed at reducing suicide rates and their impact on national suicide prevention efforts in Korea. Methods A comprehensive data review of clinical research and reports on suicide prevention was conducted. Key findings were summarized, and outcomes related to suicide prevention programs were analyzed. Results This paper presents data including mortality statistics, statistics on suicide attempts, psychological autopsies, and comprehensive investigations of suicide deaths. It also reviews the trends and changes in the National Suicide Prevention Action Plans established since 2004 and explains the Suicide Prevention Act enacted in 2011. Additionally, the authors discuss key delivery systems for community suicide prevention services and programs for the early detection and intervention of depression. Conclusion The analysis revealed that suicide prevention research, policies, and delivery systems in Korea are highly systematic. However, challenges remain in the effectiveness of some suicide prevention efforts. This paper addresses these challenges and suggests ways to improve national suicide prevention efforts in preparation for the 6th Action Plan.