Latent Profile Analysis of Resilience and Its Association With Psychological Factors in Patients Diagnosed With Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Objective This study aimed to classify the level of resilience among outpatients and investigate the relationship of resilience with depression, state anxiety, and psychological factors. Methods A total of 1,498 outpatients were recruited from a university hospital in Korea. The latent profile analysis of the resilience factor was identified using the R-based Jamovi 2.3.24 software. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences between depression, state anxiety, and psychological factors; Scheffe’s test was used to conduct multiple comparisons. Results Three latent profiles were identified, including the high level of resilience (Class 1, 19.7%), the moderate level of resilience (Class 2, 47.9%), and the low level of resilience (Class 3, 32.4%). Depression and state anxiety were higher in Class 3 than Class 1 and 2. In analyzing Class 1, individuals with depressive and anxiety symptoms scored higher on anger rumination compared with those without symptoms, but there were no differences in cognitive emotion regulation. Childhood emotional neglect was higher for individuals with depressive symptoms compared to those without symptoms in Class 1. Conclusion This study provides an in-depth understanding of resilience and insights into the association between resilience, depression, anxiety, and psychological factors. It is necessary to provide sufficient support and interventions to regulate anger rumination and emotional factors among outpatients in Class 1 with depression and state anxiety symptoms.