Phytochemicals as promising agents in Axl-targeted cancer treatment

Axl, a receptor tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in various cellular processes, such as survival, proliferation, migration, and immune response regulation. Dysregulation of Axl, particularly its overexpression and activation, is implicated in several cancers, where it has been found to facilitate tumor growth, metastasis, and the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Consequently, the inhibition of Axl has garnered significant interest as a potential strategy for cancer treatment. Natural compounds, known for their structural diversity and inherent bioactivity, are a valuable resource for drug discovery. These compounds offer a vast array of chemical structures that can serve as potential inhibitors of Axl, thereby providing novel approaches to modulate its activity. Researchers have identified various natural compounds that exhibit inhibitory effects on Axl, which underscore their potential for developing effective therapies. This review strives to provide a comprehensive overview of natural compounds that have been identified as Axl inhibitors. It will examine the mechanisms through which these natural compounds exert their inhibitory effects on Axl and discuss their potential applications in therapeutic settings. By compiling and analyzing existing research, this review seeks to advance the understanding of natural compounds as viable candidates in the development of effective Axl-targeted therapies, ultimately contributing to improved outcomes in diseases marked by Axl dysregulation.