Lipid Composition of Camel Milk and Cow Milk in Xinjiang Province of China Analyzed by Method of Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)

Xinjiang province is the main dairy production area of China, and Junggar Bactrian camel usually lived in the north part. Lipid is the main nutrient component of milk, and there is few reports about the differences in lipids between camel milk and cow milk in Xinjiang province. In this study, the analysis of lipids in Junggar Bactrian camel milk and cow milk in north part of Xinjiang province have been carried out by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. As a result, 669 kinds of lipids are identified in total, which are divided into 16 lipid classes. In the results of multivariate statistical analysis, camel milk and cow milk can be separated definitely when analyzed by principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, and revealed that lipids in camel milk is different from that in cow milk. Furthermore, 70 kinds of lipids are selected as differential lipids with the standards of fold change >2 or fold change <0.5, p<0.05, and variable importance in projection>1, which concludes 1 kinds of ceramides, 1 kinds of glycosphingolipids, 21 kinds of phosphatidylcholines, 10 kinds of phosphatidylethanolamines, 8 kinds of phosphatidylinositol, 8 kinds of phosphatidylserines, 11 kinds of sphingomyelins, and 10 kinds of triacylglycerides. In the present study, the lipid profiles of camel milk and cow milk from Xinjiang province of China are disclosed, and it can provide foundation for the utilization of lipids from milk, as well as provide a potential reference for the camel milk and dairy products adulteration.