감자 근연야생종 Solanum vernei 엽록체 전장유전체 구명과 이를 이용한 S. vernei 특이적 분자마커의 개발

Identification of chloroplast genome sequence of Solanum vernei and development of PCR-based markers specific to S. vernei

Solanum vernei, originating from Argentina, is used as breeding material for developing new potato varieties due to its resistance to potato wart, potato cyst nematodes, and Potato virus X. However, EBN (Endosperm Balance Number) of S. vernei, which is two, differs from that of cultivated potatoes, causing reproductive barriers. To overcome these barriers and introgress novel traits from S. vernei into cultivated potatoes, cell fusion can be performed, producing somatic hybrids that require molecular markers for selection. Therefore, we obtained the chloroplast genome sequence of S. vernei using next generation sequencing technology and compared it with those of 11 other Solanum species to develop S. vernei-specific molecular markers. The S. vernei chloroplast genome is 155,591 bp in length, with a structure and gene composition highly similar to those of other Solanum species. Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes from S. vernei and 22 other Solanaceae species revealed that S. vernei was most closely related to S.kurtzianum. Sequence alignment of chloroplast genomes from S. vernei and 10 other Solanum species revealed 30 SNPs specific to S. vernei. Based on these SNPs, five PCR-based markers were developed to distinguish S. vernei from other Solanum species, including cultivated potatoes (S. tuberosum) were developed. These results will accelerate potato breeding using S. vernei and enhance understanding of Solanum species evolution.