청각장애를 소재로 한 영화에 나타나는 셔레이드 기법 분석-사운드 오브 메탈을 중심으로 -

Analysis on the Charade Technique Shown in Films Based on Deafness: Focusing on a Film <Sound of Metal>

Since the production of films, the image expression technique called ‘Charade’ has been settled down as a means for delivering meanings in silent films. Originally, the root of Charade could be found in the ancient pantomimes as one of the popular games in medieval Europe. Among the expression methods of Charade, the delivery of meanings and situation through gesture and facial expression was not only an essential element to silent film actors, but also a measure for evaluating actors’ ability. The development of the film industry and the diversification of film genres led the evolution of film language and grammar, which was led to the expansion of the concept of Charade that used to be limited to gesture and facial expression. Not only the means of mise-en-scene such as costume, props, venue, camera movement/composition, and lighting technique, but also the auditory elements were additionally included in the range of Charade. Especially, considering the recent trend of films, the sound is realizing Charade in the almost-equal relation with the visual area. Darius Marder’s <Sound of Metal>(2019) is a film based on deafness, which effectively used the Charade technique mentioned above. This film is realistically describing the agony and its overcoming of a young street performer who unexpectedly lost his hearing, in connection with the condition of sound. This thesis analyzed the narrative structure of this film, and also extracted and deeply analyzed the Charade technique reflected into this film. Especially, this thesis considered the cases of applying the counterpoint of vision and hearing in the aspect of sound, situation according to the movement of hearing point, and internal change of characters, which could work as a sight of films with the motive of hearing in the future.