의료기관 내 자살 예방: 환자안전 전담인력 대상 설문 연구

Suicide Prevention in Hospitals: A Survey of Patient Safety Management Specialists

Objectives: This study examined the experiences and perceptions of healthcare safety manage\-ment specialists regarding suicide and self-harm incidents in hospitals. The aim was to assess the current state of in-hospital suicide prevention systems, identify vulnerabilities according to the in\-stitution type, and suggest directions for improving the related policies and safety guidelines. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among 152 healthcare safety management specialists. Data were collected via an online questionnaire between May and June 2022. The survey items included experiences with suicide and self-harm incidents, types of inci\-dents, components of prevention systems, staff training, and follow-up measures. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis, including chi-square tests for comparisons across hospital types. Results: The most frequently reported suicide methods were hanging (40.1%) and jumping (28.3%), while self-harm incidents often involved self-injury (45.4%). Only 55.3% of respondents indicated that institutional guidelines on suicide/self-harm were present and implemented. Multi\-disciplinary treatment planning and suicide prevention education for all staff were lacking, show\-ing 32.2% and 27.6%, respectively. Significant differences were observed across hospital types regarding the existence and implementation of prevention guidelines (p<0.01). Conclusion: Despite the increasing awareness, substantial variability remains in suicide preven\-tion preparedness across hospital types. Strengthening institutional guidelines, environmental modifications, and multidisciplinary approaches, particularly in nursing hospitals, is critical. Policy support for standardizing mental health consultations and mandatory staff training is essential for enhancing suicide prevention in hospitals.