탄소중립 이행을 위한 CCUS 정책 및 R&D 투자 전략: CCUS 기반 탄소시장 비즈니스 모델의 가능성을 중심으로

CCUS Policy and R&D Investment Strategies for Carbon Neutrality: Focusing on the Potential of CCUS-Based Carbon Market Business Models

This study examines the strategic value of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) as a critical instrument for South Korea to achieve 2050 carbon neutrality, particularly within “hard-to-abate” sectors like steel and petrochemicals. By comparing global policy frameworks—such as the U.S. 45Q tax credits and Norway’s Longship project—the paper identifies key structural barriers in Korea, including fragmented R&D support, storage site uncertainty, and low carbon prices. To overcome these hurdles, the study proposes three strategic models: establishing CCUS Cluster Hubs to create shared infrastructure in industrial complexes for economies of scale, leveraging International Mitigation (ITMO) under Paris Agreement Article 6.2 to utilize overseas storage and address domestic capacity limits, and implementing LCA-based Certification to strengthen the marketability of CCU products through standardized carbon-reduction verification linked to ESG investment. The research concludes that the government must evolve into a “Strategic Enabler” by designing market-based foundations and integrated value chains that align technology, policy, and carbon markets. Ultimately, CCUS can serve as the essential strategic linkage for a successful carbon-neutral industrial transition in South Korea.