3D Bioprinting for Gingival Tissue Regeneration

Bioprinting, as an innovative approach in tissue engineering that enables the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tissue architectures by depositing one or more types of living cells. This technology aims to recapitulate the biological microenvironment by reproducing key cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions involved in tissue regeneration. 3D bioprinting system consists of living cells, hydrogels, signaling molecules, and other biomaterials. 3D bioprinting draws attention to the reconstruction of relatively simple tissues including skin, cartilage, and vascular structures. This review presents a general overview of the major aspects of 3D bioprinting for application of gingival tissue regeneration involving fundamental principles of the technology, the biomaterials employed, its diverse clinical applications and prospects for future development.